DECA Sports and Entertainment Marketing Practice Exam

What type of data is described as hard data?

1. Qualitative data from interviews

2. Statistics gathered through valid research

3. Unverified policy analysis

4. Assumptions based on past events

The correct answer is: Statistics gathered through valid research

Hard data refers to quantitative data that is typically measurable, verifiable, and obtained through systematic research methods. This type of data often includes statistics, metrics, and figures that can be analyzed to make informed decisions or draw conclusions. The presence of valid research methods ensures that the statistics gathered are reliable and can withstand scrutiny, making this type of data crucial for making sound business or marketing decisions. In contrast, qualitative data, unverified analyses, and assumptions based on past events do not provide the same level of objectivity or reliability. Qualitative data from interviews may yield insightful information, but it is subjective and not quantifiable. Unverified policy analysis lacks the rigor of proven research, which diminishes its credibility. Likewise, assumptions based on past events may not always hold true and can lead to potential biases. Thus, the option indicating statistics gathered through valid research aligns perfectly with the definition of hard data.